Even though the world situation will change all the time but the human food necessities and needs for sustaining life remain the same. Agricultural farmers in Thailand are therefore very important in food production for humanity. But most Thai farmers are still poor. Have a debt problem. Problems with the right to arable land. Problems of water resources and energy used in agriculture. Problems of technological knowledge in accessing plant breeding. And the problem of quality of life is not at the minimum standard because the legal rights protection system still has inequality in society. This article is divided into the background and importance of farmers. Concepts of farmers’ rights protection Analysis of the problem of agricultural rights protection and the conclusion details are as follows.